很好的总结!“In case” 的用法确实有三个主要的方面,这里是对它们的进一步整理和解释:
1. 作为连词,表示条件(“如果”或“万一”)
用法示例:
In case you see him, ask him about it.
如果你见到他,问问他这事。
Tell me in case you get into difficulty.
遇到困难时请告诉我。
In case I forget, please remind me about it.
万一我忘记,请提醒我一下。
2. 作为连词,表示目的(“以防”或“免得”)
用法示例:
I’ll take my raincoat in case it rains.
我将带上雨衣,以防下雨。
I shall sit up for a time, in case I’m wanted.
我暂时不睡,以防需要我。
I bought the car at once in case he changed his mind.
我马上买下那辆汽车,以免他变卦。
I don’t let him climb trees in case he tears his trousers.
我不让他爬树,以免撕破裤子。
3. 作为副词,表示“以防万一”
用法示例:
You’d better carry some money in case.
你最好带些钱,以防万一。
The sun is shining, but I’ll take an umbrella just in case.
现在是晴天,但我还是带上雨伞以防万一。
The dog was chained, but I carried a stick in case.
狗是用链条锁住的,但我带了一根棍子以防万一。
关于时态
当表示将来意义时,通常用一般现在时:
In case they’re late, we can always sit in the bar.
要是他们来晚了,我们可以在酒吧里坐一会儿。
也可以使用虚拟语气(should / might + 动词原形):
In case it should rain, don’t expect me.
如果下雨的话,我就不来了。
Here’s a contact number, in case there should be a problem.
这是联系电话,以防有问题时可以联系。
“In case” 与 “in case of”的区别
In case
: 引导条件状语从句,后面跟一个完整的句子。
例句
:
Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot.
倘若太阳很烈,你就带上帽子。
In case of
: 是介词短语,后面跟名词或代词。
例句
:
In case of rain, they can't go.
万一下雨,他们就不能去了。
In the case of
: 通常用来引入关于某个具体情况的讨论,意思是“就...来说,关于”。
例句
:
In the case of women, they have more difficulty in their job.
就女性而言,她们在工作中会遇到更多困难。
这些用法和区别帮助我们更准确地使用“in case”相关表达。希望这能对你有所帮助!